2.2.12 Apache Tomcat installation - Linux

Before proceeding with Apache Tomcat installation, please check current Java version by executing the following command:

java -version

If Java isn't installed, please follow the Java installation manual: Apache Tomcat & Java download links for Linux

or use the following command to install the newest Java version:

sudo apt install default-jdk

After verifying that Java is installed, proceed with the Apache Tomcat installation.

For security reasons it's advised not to run Apache Tomcat under the root user. Alternatively, create a new group and system user to run the Apache Tomcat service from the /opt/tomcat directory.

sudo groupadd tomcat
sudo useradd -s /bin/false -g tomcat -d /opt/tomcat tomcat

Download Apache Tomcat 9:

In the terminal switch to the /tmp directory by executing the following command:

cd /tmp

Use the curl command to download the package:

curl -O https://dlcdn.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.97/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.97.tar.gz

To extract the tar.gz Apache Tomcat installation file, create a new /opt/tomcat/ directory by executing the following command:

sudo mkdir /opt/tomcat

Extract the file into the new directory by implementing the following command:

sudo tar xzvf apache-tomcat-9.0.97.tar.gz -C /opt/tomcat --strip-components=1

Note: the file name must be consistent with the file name installed in the previous step.

Switch to the directory where the Apache Tomcat installation is located using the following command:

cd /opt/tomcat

Grant group and user ownership over the installation directory to the tomcat group and user using the command:

sudo chown -RH tomcat: /opt/tomcat

Lastly, update the script permissions to grant execute access in /opt/tomcat/bin/with using the following command:

sudo sh -c 'chmod +x /opt/tomcat/bin/*.sh'

Since we are going to use Apache Tomcat as a service, we need to create a systemd service file.

To configure the file, you first must locate the JAVA_HOME path, which is the exact location of the Java installation package.

To do this, prompt the system for information about the installed Java packages. In the terminal, type:

sudo update-java-alternatives -l

If multiple versions are available, ensure you select the most updated version.

 

Create and open a new file in the /PATH_TO_TOMCAT_FOLDER/bin under the name setenv.sh:

sudo vi /PATH_TO_TOMCAT_FOLDER/bin/setenv.sh

Once the file is open, copy and paste the content provided below, and update the parameter values to match the relevant values according to your configuration (java path & memory size):

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.11.0-openjdk-amd64 
export JRE_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.11.0-openjdk-amd64

# Java options
export JAVA_OPTS="-Djava.security.egd=file:///dev/urandom -Djava.awt.headless=true -Xms512m -Xmx1024m -server -XX:+CMSClassUnloadingEnabled"

# Tomcat-specific options
export CATALINA_OPTS="-Xms512m -Xmx1024m -server -XX:+UseParallelGC"

Set up the JAVA_HOME path in the line:

- Environment="JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.11.0-openjdk-amd64"

Set up the JRE_HOME path in the line:

- Environment="JRE_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.11.0-openjdk-amd64"

Set up the Java allowed memory values in the line:
- "..JAVA_OPTS=-Xms512M -Xmx1024M -server -XX:+UseParallelGC"

Set up the quilliup service allowed memory values in the line:
- "..CATALINA_OPTS=-Xms512M -Xmx1024M -server -XX:+UseParallelGC"

Save the file and make it executable:

chmod +x setenv.sh

Now you can run the service.
For more details about running the service and replacing the *.war file (quilliup installation package) follow the relevant quilliup upgrade user guide (Linux)

 

Note: before installing the *.war file, delete the temporary ROOT folder that was created with Apache Tomcat installation:

cd /opt/tomcat/webapps
rm -rf ROOT